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ADHD in Adults – Treatment Options ADHD is a common condition of the nervous system that affects 4,4% of the population. It is associated with a high rate of comorbidity, including depression, anxiety and substance abuse and significant emotional, social, and occupational impairments. Psychotherapy and medication are both effective treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. The most commonly prescribed medications are stimulants like methylphenidate or amphetamine. Medicines Many adults with ADHD notice significant improvement in their symptoms and functioning in response to medication. Because of the different ways that people respond to medication, it is essential for those with ADHD to discover a combination that is effective. Stimulants, such as amphetamines and methylphenidate, are the most frequently prescribed drugs for adults suffering from ADHD. These stimulants are available as tablets or liquids in an immediate-release (short acting) formulation. They can be taken every three to four hour. Some adults may supplement an immediate-release dose with an extended-release or long-acting medication taken once a day to reduce the requirement for frequent doses throughout the day. Desipramine and other antidepressants have also been proven to be effective in treatment of adults suffering from ADHD. This class of drugs can be utilized in conjunction with stimulants, or on their own to boost their effects. However, they could increase the risk of serious cardiovascular adverse effects like a rapid heartbeat, EKG changes, and orthostatic hypotension. Adults suffering from ADHD can also be treated with alprazolam or clonidine. They are both Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonists. These medications, originally designed to treat high blood pressure, possess an calming effect and are able to improve focus and decrease the level of hyperactivity and impulsivity among certain adults. However, these medications could cause a very low blood pressure if they are abruptly cut off or reduced in dosage. Psychotherapy can also be beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD. Individual therapy can help them deal with their feelings of shame and embarrassment over their ADHD as well as anger towards supervisors, coworkers teachers, family members and others who may nag or criticize them. Additionally, marriage and family counseling can help couples with ADHD to understand each other's issues and improve communication. Behavioral Therapy Psychosocial therapy for adults suffering from ADHD is designed to improve daily functioning by teaching strategies and skills. Psychotherapy can help individuals with ADHD overcome their self-esteem problems and the feeling of failure they feel frequently. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) assists individuals in changing the negative thoughts that cause difficulties in their lives and to develop new ways of thinking, feeling and doing. This short-term, goal-oriented psychotherapy has been proven effective in treating a variety of illnesses, such as depression and anxiety. It can be used in conjunction with other therapies or on its own. CBT may also include group therapy. This is particularly beneficial for adults with ADHD because it enables them to connect with other people who have similar struggles and learn how they manage their ADHD symptoms. CBT can be offered in person or via the phone. In one study, CBT was compared to standard therapy for adults who have ADHD. Both treatments helped improve self-reporting measures such as symptoms, functioning, and quality of life. CBT has been studied in comparison to other psychosocial treatments in adults with ADHD. All of these studies have shown significant reductions in ADHD symptoms, with effect sizes ranging from medium to large. These improvements were linked to various modalities, including interpersonal and cognitive behavioral therapy, social skills training, problem-solving and mindfulness meditation. It is essential to assess the efficacy between different treatment options for adults with ADHD with caution. It is possible that the differences in outcomes results are due to a variety of factors, including the treatment characteristics and measures used. A few studies have examined the effectiveness of neurofeedback, a method that involves wearing an electrode-lined cap when performing cognitive tasks to pinpoint areas in the brain that there is too much or too little activity, and instructing the individual to control these patterns. Counseling Many people who suffer from ADHD have anxiety or mood disorders that require treatment. Counseling can help with these issues that could be contributing to ADHD symptoms. Interpersonal therapy is among the psychotherapy techniques that can aid in improving the ability of a person to resolve conflicts and build meaningful relationships. Cognitive behavioral therapy seeks to transform negative behaviors and assist in reducing self-destructive and impulsive behavior which can lead to issues at school or work. In some instances psychotherapy may be utilized as an adjunct to the medication used for adhd in adults treatment . People with comorbid conditions such as depression, bipolar disorder, and addiction to drugs should be evaluated with care to ensure that they do not suffer from symptoms that aren't improved by the medications used to treat ADHD. Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, lead poisoning and a history or seizures, need to be treated with more vigor. When ADHD is serious enough to affect everyday functioning and quality of life intensive outpatient programs might be recommended. These programs offer structured treatment that is more intensive than conventional outpatient psychotherapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) assists adults suffering from ADHD improve their abilities to manage time management and impulse control, executive function, and planning. It helps them recognize and express emotions, and it uses worksheets and activities to make the lessons interesting. Mindfulness meditation training enhances CBT and enhances a person's ability to focus and manage their emotions. It also improves a person's ability to tolerate stress and arousal. It can help them cope with anger, sadness, and other emotions that may be contributing towards their ADHD. Occupational Therapy Adults suffering from ADHD report difficulties functioning at work and at home. In addition to impacting work performance, these issues can interfere with relationships and could lead to financial difficulties. Therapy that addresses these issues will help you improve your self-esteem and resolve underlying problems. It can also assist you in developing healthy coping methods. Cognitive-behavioral Therapy is a great treatment for adults suffering from ADHD because it teaches you how to modify your negative thoughts and behaviors. In particular, it focuses on teaching you to employ strategies for managing time and overcoming mental distortions that lead to negative moods and perceptions of limited choices. Many people with ADHD suffer from anxiety or depression disorders that are comorbid. These psychiatric disorders can diminish or even increase the effectiveness of certain medications that are used to treat ADHD. Therefore it is recommended you treat the most severe comorbidity first and observe the response to treatment prior to attempting treatment for the other condition. Occupational therapy can help you organize your work and life and establish routines that are predictable that help you manage your time and money and create a positive image of yourself. It can also help you master relaxation techniques that may reduce your hyperactivity and impulsivity. Yoga and other workouts can help you improve focus by stabilizing your body in various poses. Counseling for families and marriage can address the problems that people with ADHD frequently cause their children, spouses, and their families. They often complain about being erratic and unorganized. They also tend to forget things or make impulsive choices. Therapy and classes in which spouses and other family members are taught about ADHD can help you build better relationships. It can aid you and your family members to understand that the problems are caused by ADHD and not a lack in caring or refusing to cooperate. Clinical Trials Adult ADHD is a frequent neurobiological disorder. It is accompanied by a high rate of comorbidity, including anxiety, depression and substance abuse disorders. Psychosocial and medication treatments are available as treatments. There are a variety of treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. Certain of these medications have been evaluated in studies. These studies have exposed the strengths and weaknesses of the medications. internet site who suffer from ADHD might experience the same symptoms as children do, but it is difficult to determine since childhood symptoms may not last into adulthood. Additionally, people with ADHD may not have a family history of the disorder in their families or may not be aware of having symptoms. A thorough medical history is necessary to help determine whether the symptoms are caused by an illness like thyroid problems, sleep apnea, vision and hearing problems or lead poisoning. Treatments for adults suffering from ADHD generally fall into two categories: stimulants and other non-stimulant medications. Stimulants are the most effective medication for treating adults with ADHD and their responsiveness rates are in the 70%-80 percentage range. The most frequently used stimulants are methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds. Methylphenidate may also be administered via a transdermal device. This allows for continuous medication delivery during the day. Nonstimulant medicines for adults suffering from ADHD are primarily tricyclic antidepressants that work on norepinephrine and dopamine. Desipramine is the most researched tricyclic drug and has been proven to be effective in adult patients with ADHD. It is a low dose medication which should be increased each seven days by 50mg until the desired effect is observed. Bupropion XL is a second antidepressant which has been proven to be effective for adults suffering from ADHD. It is a dopamine agonist that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine at the presynaptic transportation system, thus increasing its presence in the brain. This drug is known to improve mood in adults and reduce hyperactivity, but it's not as effective at improving concentration or cognitive functions as stimulants.